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Objective: Limited literature is relevant to antibody-negative chronic thyroiditis (AN-CT). The aim was to investigate the frequency and characteristics of AN-CT and explore the presence of other autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases in patients with AN-CT.
Methods: Consecutive participants in the follow-up above 18 years old diagnosed with hypothyroidism caused by chronic thyroiditis (CT) between December 2016 and March 2024 were included in the study. A total of 767 euthyroid patients with CT under levothyroxine (LT4) treatment were analyzed retrospectively. The patient group was divided into 2 subgroups: antibody-negative and antibodypositive. Characteristics and comorbid conditions were compared between the 2 groups.
Results: There were 582 patients (75.9%) with classic Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (antibody-positive) and 185 patients (24.1%) with AN-CT in the study group. The female/male ratio was similar in the 2 groups (P=.730). The median body mass index was comparable between the 2 groups (P=.486). Median age (P=.003) and thyroid nodule frequency (P=.011) were significantly higher in the AN-CT group. The duration of hypothyroidism was shorter (P=.022), and the daily LT4 dose to achieve euthyroidism was lower (P < .001) in patients with AN-CT. The presence of other autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases did not differ between the 2 groups.
Conclusion: In this study group, AN-CT frequency was 24.1%. Older age, shorter duration of hypothyroidism, higher thyroid nodule frequency, and lower daily LT4 dose to achieve euthyroidism were associated with AN-CT. However, patients with AN-CT had similar behavior relevant to other autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders when compared with Hashimoto’s patients.
Cite this article as: Sezer H, Canbaz HB. Frequency and characteristics of antibody negative chronic thyroiditis: an experience from a tertiary center. Endocrinol Res Pract. Published online June 11, 2025. doi 10.5152/ erp.2025.25643.